Inheritance In C++
Inheritance is a process of creating new classes from existing classes. Existing class is known as base class and new class is known as derived class. The derived class is also called as sub class or child class and base class is called as super class or parent class. The derived class inherits all the features of base class .
The main advantages of of inheritance are
reusability
to increase the reliability of the code
to add more enhancements to the base class
Types of Inheritance:
Hierarchical Inheritance:
In hierchical inheritance there is single base class and multiple derived classes and these derived classes are also inherited by some other classes. This is just like tree structure of family.
How to define Derived class:
The singly derived class is same as that of ordinary class. Derived class consist following components,
the class keyword
the name of the derived class
a single colon
the type of derivation(private,public,protected)
the name of the base class or parent class
the remainder of the class definition
The general syntax for Multilevel Inheritance
Students -BBA
Students- BCA
Students- MCA
Students- MBA
Students- Eng.
Students- MBA- HR
Students- MBA- MKT
Students- MBA- Fin
Students- Eng-IT
Stufents- Eng- Mech
Students- Eng-E&TC
In college there are different courses Student is the main base class where it is further derived into BBA, BCA, MCA, MBA and eng. MBA is further derived into HR, MkT, Fin and Eng.is further derived into IT, Mech, E&TC.
The hierarchical inheritance is used the cases where hierarchy has to be maintained. For example the any business or organization data base is maintained in hierarchy. Organization has different departments like HR, Account, Admin, IT, etc.
The general syntax to demonstrate Hierarchical Inheritance
class students
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
class BBA: public students
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
class BCA : public students
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
class MCA : public students
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
class MBA : public students
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
class Eng : public students
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
class HR : public MBA
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
class MKT : public MBA
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
class Fin : public MBA
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
class IT : public Eng
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
class E&TC : public Eng
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
class Mech : public Eng
{
private:
//data member
public:
//member functions
};
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