The Visualization In Power BI : Power BI Charts

Refer this Dataset👉👉SampleSuperStore for Following Charts

Column Chart

Introduction:

A Column Chart is used to display data with vertical bars, making it effective for comparing values across categories. It is best suited for showing trends over time or categorical comparisons.

Question 1: What is the total sales for each category in the Sample Store dataset?

Steps:

1. Load Data: Open Power BI and load the Sample Store dataset.
2. Insert Column Chart: Go to the Visualizations pane and select the Column Chart.
3. Set X-Axis: Drag the Category field to the X-Axis.
4. Set Y-Axis: Drag the Sales field to the Y-Axis.
5. Formatting:
• Add data labels to display sales values.
• Adjust bar colors for better visualization.
6. Sort Data: Sort the chart in descending order of sales for clarity.

 

Question 2: How does sales performance vary across different regions?

Steps:

1. Load Data: Ensure the Sample Store dataset is loaded.
2. Insert Column Chart: Select the Column Chart from the Visualizations pane.
3. Set X-Axis: Drag the Region field to the X-Axis.
4. Set Y-Axis: Drag the Sales field to the Y-Axis.
5. Filtering & Slicing:
• Add a Slicer for Category to analyze sales by category.
6. Formatting:
• Change bar colors to differentiate regions.
• Add gridlines for better readability.

 

Bar Chart

Introduction:

A Bar Chart is similar to a Column Chart but uses horizontal bars instead of vertical. It is useful when you have long category names or when comparing fewer categories.

 

Question 1: Which sub-category has the highest profit?

Steps:

1. Load Data: Open Power BI and load the dataset.
2. Insert Bar Chart: Select Bar Chart from the Visualizations pane.
3. Set X-Axis: Drag the Profit field to the X-Axis.
4. Set Y-Axis: Drag the Sub-Category field to the Y-Axis.
5. Sorting & Formatting:
• Sort by Profit in descending order.
• Enable data labels to show exact values.

 

Question 2: How does discount vary across different product categories?

Steps:

1. Insert Bar Chart: Select Bar Chart from the Visualizations pane.
2. Set X-Axis: Drag the Discount field to the X-Axis.
3. Set Y-Axis: Drag the Category field to the Y-Axis.
4. Filtering:
• Add a Slicer for Region to compare discounts across regions.
5. Formatting:
• Change bar colors for different categories.

 

Clustered Bar Chart

Introduction:

A Clustered Bar Chart displays multiple series of data in bars grouped together, making it useful for comparing multiple measures across categories.

 

Question 1: How do sales and profit compare across different sub-categories?

Steps:

1. Insert Clustered Bar Chart: Select Clustered Bar Chart from Visualizations.
2. Set Y-Axis: Drag the Sub-Category field.
3. Set X-Axis: Drag Sales and Profit fields.
4. Legend: Drag Category to Legend to color-code bars.
5. Sorting & Formatting:
• Sort by Sales or Profit for better analysis.

 

Question 2: How does sales performance vary across regions for each segment?

Steps:

1. Insert Clustered Bar Chart: Select Clustered Bar Chart from Visualizations.
2. Set Y-Axis: Drag Region.
3. Set X-Axis: Drag Sales.
4. Legend: Drag Segment to compare Consumer, Corporate, Home Office.

 

Clustered Column Chart

Introduction:

A Clustered Column Chart is similar to a Clustered Bar Chart but uses vertical bars instead. It is useful for comparing multiple values within categories.

 

Question 1: How do sales and profit compare for different categories?

Steps:

1. Insert Clustered Column Chart: Select Clustered Column Chart.
2. Set X-Axis: Drag Category.
3. Set Y-Axis: Drag Sales and Profit.
4. Legend: Drag Sub-Category.

Question 2: What are the sales trends across different ship modes?

Steps:

1. Insert Clustered Column Chart: Select Clustered Column Chart.
2. Set X-Axis: Drag Ship Mode.
3. Set Y-Axis: Drag Sales.
4. Legend: Drag Region to compare across different regions.

 

Pie Chart

Introduction:

A Pie Chart represents proportions as slices, useful for showing percentage breakdowns.

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Question 1: What is the market share of each product category?

Steps:

1. Insert Pie Chart: Select Pie Chart from Visualizations.
2. Set Values: Drag Sales to Values.
3. Set Legend: Drag Category.
4. Formatting:
• Show percentages on slices.

 

Question 2: What is the distribution of order quantity across sub-categories?

Steps:

1. Insert Pie Chart: Select Pie Chart.
2. Set Values: Drag Quantity.
3. Set Legend: Drag Sub-Category.
4. Formatting:
• Enable data labels for better clarity.

 

Donut Chart

Introduction:

A Donut Chart is similar to a Pie Chart but with a hole in the middle, making it visually distinct and allowing additional insights in the center.

 

Question 1: What is the proportion of sales contributed by each region?

Steps:

1. Insert Donut Chart: Select Donut Chart.
2. Set Values: Drag Sales.
3. Set Legend: Drag Region.
4. Formatting:
• Add a title inside the center hole.

 

Question 2: How is the profit distributed across different segments?

Steps:

1. Insert Donut Chart: Select Donut Chart.
2. Set Values: Drag Profit.
3. Set Legend: Drag Segment.
4. Formatting:
• Show percentages on slices.

 

Staked Line Chart
1. How do Sales and Profit vary across different Regions?

Steps:

1.    Load the dataset into Power BI Desktop.

2.    Go to the Visualizations pane and select the Line and Stacked Column Chart.

3.    Drag and drop fields into the chart:

o    X-axis: Region

o    Column Values: Sales

o    Line Values: Profit

4.    Format the chart:

o    Enable data labels for both the line and columns under the Format pane > Data labels.

o    Give the chart a title, e.g., “Sales and Profit by Region.”

o    Customize colors for better visibility (e.g., blue for sales columns, orange for profit line).

2. Which Product Categories or Sub-Categories Contribute the Most to Total Sales, and How Profitable Are They?

Steps:

1.     Insert a new Line and Stacked Column Chart.

2.     Drag and drop fields into the chart:

o    X-axis: Category (or Sub-Category for more granular analysis)

o    Column Values: Sales

o    Line Values: Profit

3.     Format the chart:

o    Enable data labels for easier interpretation of values.

o    Add slicers for Region or Segment to allow dynamic filtering.

o    Add a title, e.g., “Sales and Profit by Product Category.”

 

3. How Does Discounting Impact Profit Across Different Regions?

Steps:

1.     Create another Line and Stacked Column Chart.

2.     Drag and drop fields into the chart:

o    X-axis: Region

o    Column Values: Discount

o    Line Values: Profit

3.     Format the chart:

o    Enable data labels to display discount percentages and profit values.

o    Add slicers for Category and Segment to analyze specific product lines or customer types.

o    Give the chart a title, e.g., “Impact of Discounts on Profit by Region.”

4. Which Customer Segments Generate the Highest Revenue, and Are They Also the Most Profitable?

Steps:

1.     Insert a new Line and Stacked Column Chart.

2.     Drag and drop fields into the chart:

o    X-axis: Segment

o    Column Values: Sales

o    Line Values: Profit

3.     Format the chart:

o    Add data labels for better clarity.

o    Use slicers for Region and Category to analyze profitability within specific areas or product lines.

o    Add a title, e.g., “Sales and Profit by Customer Segment.”

 

Line and Clustered Column Chart

1: How do total sales and profit vary across different product categories?

1.     Load the dataset in Power BI.

2.     From the Visualizations pane, select the Line and Clustered Column Chart.

3.     Drag Category to the Category Axis.

4.     Drag Sales to the Column Values field.

5.     Drag Profit to the Line Values field.

6.     If you want cluster of any categorical variable then select , segment, or region in the legend section

7.     Format the chart:

o    Set distinct colors for columns (Sales) and the line (Profit).

o    Enable Data Labels for both the column and line to display exact values.

o    Ensure the Y-axis is labeled as "Sales and Profit" and the X-axis as "Category".

2.      Research Question 2: What is the relationship between sales and profit in different regions?

1.     Select a new Line and Clustered Column Chart.

2.     Drag Region to the Category Axis.

3.     Drag Sales to the Column Values field.

4.     Drag Profit to the Line Values field.

5.     Add a Slicer for Segment to filter results dynamically by customer segment.

6.     Format the chart as above and observe trends in sales and profit across regions.

3: How do discounts impact sales and profit across different states?

1.     Create another Line and Clustered Column Chart.

2.     Drag State to the Category Axis.

3.     Drag Discount to the Column Values field.

4.     Drag Profit to the Line Values field.

5.     Add a Slicer for Category to filter results dynamically by product category.

6.     Analyze how profit fluctuates in states where higher discounts are offered.

4: How do sales and the number of products sold (quantity) compare across various customer segments?

1.     Select the Line and Clustered Column Chart.

2.     Drag Segment to the Category Axis.

3.     Drag Sales to the Column Values field.

4.     Drag Quantity to the Line Values field.

5.     Format the chart to display both sales and quantity clearly.

6.     Enable slicers for Region and Sub-Category to filter the results.

 

Line Chart

How does sales performance vary across different regions?

Steps:

1. Data Preparation: Ensure your dataset includes columns like Region and Sales.
2. Adding Line Chart:
• Open Power BI Desktop and load your dataset.
• Click the Line Chart icon from the visualizations pane.
3. Configuring the Chart:
• Drag Region to the X-Axis.
• Drag Sales to the Y-Axis.
4. Sorting:
• Click on the chart, then click on the three dots in the top-right corner.
• Sort the data by Sales (Descending) to prioritize higher sales regions.
5. Filtering:
• Drag Category into the Filters pane to filter the sales by specific product categories if needed.
6. Formatting:
• Go to the Format Pane (paint roller icon):
• Title: Add a title like "Sales Trends Across Regions".
• Data Labels: Enable data labels for better visualization.
• Line Style: Choose different colors or styles for better clarity.
7. Using Slicers:
• Add slicers for Category or Ship Mode to dynamically filter the data.

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2. What is the trend of profit across different categories?

Steps:

1. Data Preparation: Confirm the dataset contains Category and Profit columns.
2. Adding Line Chart:
• Load the dataset and select the Line Chart visual.
3. Configuring the Chart:
• Drag Category to the X-Axis.
• Drag Profit to the Y-Axis.
4. Sorting:
• Sort the chart by Profit to display the most profitable categories first.
5. Filtering:
• Add Region to the Filters pane to focus on specific regions.
6. Formatting:
• Enable data labels to display profit values.
• Adjust the line thickness and add gridlines for better visual appeal.
• Change the chart title to "Profit Trends by Category".
7. Using Slicers:
• Add slicers for Region and Ship Mode to refine insights.

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3. How do discounts impact sales trends over sub-categories?

Steps:

1. Data Preparation: Verify the dataset includes Sub-Category, Sales, and Discount.
2. Adding Line Chart:
• Load your dataset and click on the Line Chart icon.
3. Configuring the Chart:
• Drag Sub-Category to the X-Axis.
• Drag Sales to the Y-Axis.
4. Filtering:
• Drag Discount to the Filters pane and set ranges to observe how varying discounts affect sales.
5. Sorting:
• Sort by Sales to highlight the best-performing sub-categories.
6. Formatting:
• Enable data labels and set a line style for clarity.
• Use contrasting colors for better distinction.
• Rename the chart to "Impact of Discounts on Sales by Sub-Category".
7. Using Slicers:
• Add slicers for Region and Category to analyze specific data subsets.

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4. What is the relationship between sales and quantity for different ship modes?

Steps:

1. Data Preparation: Ensure the dataset includes Ship Mode, Sales, and Quantity.
2. Adding Line and Clustered Column Chart:
• Select the Line and Clustered Column Chart from the visualizations pane.
3. Configuring the Chart:
• Drag Ship Mode to the X-Axis.
• Drag Quantity to the Column Values.
• Drag Sales to the Line Values.
4. Sorting:
• Sort by Sales to see which ship mode generates higher revenue.
5. Filtering:
• Add filters for Region and Category to analyze the data based on regions or product categories.
6. Formatting:
• Adjust column and line colors to differentiate them.
• Enable data labels for both columns and lines.
• Rename the chart to "Sales and Quantity Comparison Across Ship Modes".
7. Using Slicers:
• Add slicers for Category or Sub-Category to explore performance at a more granular level.

Area Chart

Research Questions and Steps for Area Chart

1. Question: What is the trend of Sales over different Categories?

Steps:

1.      Prepare the Data:

• Ensure your dataset has the following columns:
• X-Axis: Category
• Y-Axis: Sales

2.      Create the Chart:

• Open Power BI Desktop.
• Go to the Report View.
• Click on the Area Chart icon from the visualization pane.

3.      Add Fields:

• Drag the Category column to the X-Axis.
• Drag the Sales column to the Y-Axis.

4.      Filter the Data:

• Add slicers for Region or Segment to filter data dynamically.

5.      Format the Chart:

• Go to the Format Pane (paint roller icon):
• Enable Data Labels for better readability.
• Adjust Colors for each area to differentiate categories clearly.
• Use Gridlines for visual aid.

6.      Analyze Insights:

• Observe how Sales trends vary across different Categories.

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2. Question: How do Sales and Profit trends vary over Regions?

Steps:

1.      Prepare the Data:

• Columns needed:
• X-Axis: Region
• Y-Axis: Sales and Profit

2.      Create the Chart:

• Select the Stacked Area Chart from the visualization pane.

3.      Add Fields:

• Drag the Region column to the X-Axis.
• Drag Sales and Profit columns to the Y-Axis.

4.      Enable Legends:

• Add Category or Sub-Category to the Legend field to compare trends.

5.      Add Filters:

• Include slicers for Region and Segment for filtering.

6.      Format the Chart:

• Use Distinct Colors for Sales and Profit.
• Turn on Legends for clarity.
• Enable Title and Data Labels for better insights.

7.      Analyze Insights:

• Compare the performance of Sales and Profit across Regions.

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3. Question: How does Discount impact Sales over different Sub-Categories?

Steps:

1.      Prepare the Data:

• Columns needed:
• X-Axis: Sub-Category
• Y-Axis: Sales
• Legend: Discount

2.      Create the Chart:

• Select the Stacked Area Chart from the visualizations pane.

3.      Add Fields:

• Drag Sub-Category to the X-Axis.
• Drag Sales to the Y-Axis.
• Drag Discount to the Legend field.

4.      Format the Chart:

• Enable Data Labels.
• Use a Gradient Color Scheme to reflect different discount levels.

5.      Add Filters:

• Add slicers for Category or Region for dynamic analysis.

6.      Analyze Insights:

• Observe the impact of Discount on Sales trends across Sub-Categories.

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4. Question: What is the contribution of each Category to the Total Sales?

Steps:

1.      Prepare the Data:

• Columns needed:
• X-Axis: Category
• Y-Axis: Sales

2.      Create the Chart:

• Select the Area Chart from the visualizations pane.

3.      Add Fields:

• Drag Category to the X-Axis.
• Drag Sales to the **Y-Axis`.

4.      Format the Chart:

• Use Stacked Area Chart to show contributions as stacked areas.
• Enable Data Labels to display values on the chart.

5.      Add Filters:

• Use slicers for Region or Ship Mode to analyze specific subsets.

6.      Analyze Insights:

• Identify which Categories contribute the most to Total Sales.

 

Ribbon Chart

 

1.      Which region consistently generates the highest sales over the years?

Steps:

1.     Prepare the Data:

o    Ensure your dataset has Region and Sales.

o    If a time component (like Year) is missing, create one by extracting from the order date or similar fields.

2.     Add the Ribbon Chart:

o    Open Power BI Desktop.

o    Load the dataset by going to Home > Get Data > Excel/CSV and selecting the file.

o    Select the Ribbon Chart from the visualizations pane.

3.     Configure the Chart:

o    Drag Region to the Legend.

o    Drag Sales to the Values.

o    If a time field is available (e.g., Year), drag it to the X-Axis.

4.     Sort and Format:

o    Sort by Sales to ensure the highest sales regions appear prominently.

o    Format the chart in the Format Pane to:

§  Enable Data Labels to display exact sales values.

§  Assign distinct colors to each ribbon for better clarity.

5.     Insights:

o    Analyze which region has the highest sales and how rankings shift over time (if a time field is included).

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2. How do sales vary by category across regions?

Steps:

1.     Prepare the Data:

o    Use Category, Region, and Sales columns.

2.     Add the Ribbon Chart:

o    Select the Ribbon Chart from the visualizations pane.

3.     Configure the Chart:

o    Drag Region to the X-Axis.

o    Drag Category to the Legend.

o    Drag Sales to the Values.

4.     Add Filters:

o    Add slicers for Segment or Ship Mode to focus on specific data.

5.     Format and Analyze:

o    Use the Format Pane to enable Data Labels and adjust ribbon thickness.

o    Observe sales rankings for each category and how they differ across regions.

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3. Which sub-category ranks highest in sales across different segments?

Steps:

1.     Prepare the Data:

o    Use Sub-Category, Segment, and Sales.

2.     Add the Ribbon Chart:

o    Select the Ribbon Chart from the visualizations pane.

3.     Configure the Chart:

o    Drag Segment to the X-Axis.

o    Drag Sub-Category to the Legend.

o    Drag Sales to the Values.

4.     Sort and Filter:

o    Sort by Sales to rank sub-categories.

o    Add slicers for Region or Category to narrow the view.

5.     Insights:

o    Analyze which sub-category consistently ranks highest in sales for each segment.

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4. How do profit rankings of categories shift across different regions?

Steps:

1.     Prepare the Data:

o    Use Category, Region, and Profit.

2.     Add the Ribbon Chart:

o    Select the Ribbon Chart from the visualizations pane.

3.     Configure the Chart:

o    Drag Region to the X-Axis.

o    Drag Category to the Legend.

o    Drag Profit to the Values.

4.     Format and Analyze:

o    Use the Format Pane to enable ribbons and labels.

o    Highlight Top N categories using a filter.

5.     Insights:

o    Observe profit rankings for categories and how they shift across regions.

 

 

 

Waterfall Chart

The Waterfall Chart in Power BI is used to visualize the cumulative effect of sequential values (positive or negative) on a measure over time, categories, or any dimension. It highlights how an initial value changes due to various factors, ultimately leading to a final value.

Key Features:

• Displays breakdown of contributions to a total.
• Shows increases, decreases, and subtotal effects clearly.
• Useful for analyzing profit margins, cost structures, or revenue streams.

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Research Questions and Steps for Waterfall Chart

Q1: How do discounts and profits impact the total sales across regions?

Steps:

1.     Prepare the Data: Ensure your dataset includes relevant fields like Region, Discount, Profit, and Sales.

2.     Insert the Waterfall Chart:

o    Go to the Report View in Power BI.

o    Click on the Waterfall Chart icon from the Visualizations pane.

3.     Drag and Drop Fields:

o    Drag Region to the Category (Axis) field.

o    Drag Sales to the Y-axis field.

4.     Formatting the Chart:

o    Open the Format Pane (paint roller icon).

o    Enable Data Labels for better readability.

o    Customize the colors for positive, negative, and total bars.

5.     Analyze Insights:

o    Observe how Discount and Profit contribute to the overall Sales across regions.

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Q2: What is the impact of subcategories on total profit?

Steps:

1.     Insert the Waterfall Chart:

o    Click on the Waterfall Chart icon.

2.     Drag and Drop Fields:

o    Drag Sub-Category to the Category (Axis) field.

o    Drag Profit to the Y-axis field.

3.     Apply Filters:

o    Add a slicer for Region to focus on specific regions.

o    Add a filter for Category to refine data.

4.     Formatting Options:

o    Adjust Bar Colors for positive (e.g., green) and negative (e.g., red) values.

o    Enable Totals to highlight the overall profit across all subcategories.

5.     Insights:

o    Analyze which subcategories contribute the most or least to the total profit.

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Q3: How does quantity sold affect overall sales and discounts across states?

Steps:

1.     Insert the Waterfall Chart:

o    Select the Waterfall Chart from the Visualizations pane.

2.     Configure the Chart:

o    Drag State to the Category (Axis) field.

o    Drag Sales to the Y-axis field.

o    Add Quantity to the Tooltips for additional insights.

3.     Filter and Slice:

o    Add slicers for Category and Region to focus the analysis.

4.     Format the Chart:

o    Enable Gridlines and Data Labels.

o    Customize bar colors to represent increases or decreases.

5.     Insights:

o    Identify how Quantity sold in each state impacts total Sales and discounts.

 

 

Funnel Chart: Short Description

A Funnel Chart in Power BI is used to visualize a process that has multiple stages, highlighting conversion rates or progression through phases. It’s commonly used in sales pipelines, website traffic analysis, or any scenario with sequential stages. The chart narrows at each stage, illustrating losses or drop-offs between them.

 

Question and Steps

Q1: What is the distribution of total sales across different regions and categories in a sequential process?

Steps:

1.     Prepare the Data: Ensure your dataset includes columns like Region, Category, and Sales.

2.     Insert the Funnel Chart:

o    Go to the Report View in Power BI.

o    Click on the Funnel Chart icon from the Visualizations pane.

3.     Drag and Drop Fields:

o    Drag Region or Category to the Group field to create sequential stages.

o    Drag Sales to the Values field to display the size of each stage.

4.     Formatting the Chart:

o    Open the Format Pane (paint roller icon).

o    Adjust the Data Colors for each stage for better visibility.

o    Enable Data Labels to show numerical values for each stage.

5.     Filtering and Slicing:

o    Add slicers for Region or Category to dynamically filter the data.

o    Apply filters to refine data based on specific requirements, e.g., focusing on a particular segment.

6.     Insights:

o    Use the chart to identify sales distribution across regions or categories and observe any major drop-offs.

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Q2: How do sales, profit, and discount values vary across categories?

Steps:

1.     Insert the Funnel Chart:

o    Select the Funnel Chart from the Visualizations pane.

2.     Configure the Chart:

o    Drag Category to the Group field.

o    Drag Sales to the Values field.

o    Add Profit and Discount to the Tooltips for additional insights.

3.     Customize the Chart:

o    Enable Data Labels to display numerical values.

o    Format the chart with distinct colors for better differentiation.

4.     Apply Filters and Slicers:

o    Add slicers for Region or Segment to dynamically analyze specific subsets of data.

5.     Insights:

o    Analyze which categories have higher sales, and compare how profit and discount contribute to the results.

Scatter Plot

 A Scatter Plot is used to visualize relationships between two numerical variables. It helps in identifying correlations, clusters, and outliers in data. Each point represents an observation, plotted on X and Y axes based on their values. Scatter plots are particularly useful for trend analysis, distribution comparisons, and anomaly detection.

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Research Question 1: Is there a correlation between Sales and Profit in the Sample Store dataset?

Steps to Create the Scatter Plot:

1.     Load Data: Ensure the Sample Store dataset is loaded in Power BI.

2.     Insert Scatter Plot:

o    Go to the Visualizations pane and select Scatter Chart.

3.     Set X-Axis: Drag the Sales field to the X-Axis.

4.     Set Y-Axis: Drag the Profit field to the Y-Axis.

5.     Add Details:

o    Drag Category or Sub-Category to the Legend to differentiate data points by category.

6.     Formatting:

o    Enable data labels to see exact values.

o    Change marker size for better visibility.

7.     Analysis:

o    Check if points form a trend (positive/negative correlation).

o    Identify outliers where high sales have low or negative profits.

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Research Question 2: How does Discount impact Profit?

Steps to Create the Scatter Plot:

1.     Insert Scatter Plot:

o    Select Scatter Chart from the Visualizations pane.

2.     Set X-Axis: Drag the Discount field to the X-Axis.

3.     Set Y-Axis: Drag the Profit field to the Y-Axis.

4.     Add Color Coding:

o    Drag Region or Segment to the Legend for region-wise analysis.

5.     Formatting & Analysis:

o    Adjust point size for clarity.

o    Check if high discounts lead to lower profits.

o    Identify thresholds where discounting becomes unprofitable.

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